The War of the Crossed Keys was more than just a war—it was a battle for supremacy between Pope Gregory IX and Emperor Frederick II. Excommunicated yet undefeated, Frederick defied the papacy, crushed his enemies with military brilliance, and reshaped his empire through sweeping reforms. From his legendary Constitutions of Melfi to his dazzling court of scholars, poets, and exotic beasts, Frederick was a ruler unlike any other.
Did we get something wrong in our "Frederick II" series? Is there a particular character you want to hear more about? Feel free to ask our Extra History writer Rob HERE and get a shout-out in our Extra History Lies Episode!

Did you miss an Episode in our Murder in Florence Series?
Part 1 - The Pope's Pet | Part 2 - Excommunicated AGAIN! | Part 3 - Savior or Antichrist | Lies - Release Date: 3/8

Like the art? Download the 4k Wallpapers you see below
Extra History
2025-02-26 17:21:42 +0000 UTCMartin Verran
2025-02-21 20:00:42 +0000 UTCDane McAfee
2025-02-21 18:34:17 +0000 UTC